The Dichotomy between Public Security and Individual Privacy

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the tension between public security and individual privacy in the context of urban surveillance technologies, with an emphasis on the Internet of Things (IoT), as well as to assess the population’s level of knowledge and trust regarding data protection legislation. Based on a literature review and a field study conducted through an online questionnaire, the research investigated Brazilian citizens’ perceptions of the collection of personal data in public spaces and their degree of familiarity with the General Data Protection Law (LGPD). The results indicate that, although there is moderate acceptance of the use of smart technologies for security purposes, there is significant distrust regarding the effectiveness of the LGPD in protecting personal data. Furthermore, most participants demonstrated a low level of familiarity with the legislation. It is concluded that the advancement of surveillance technologies should be accompanied by transparency, oversight, and digital education in order to balance technological innovation and fundamental rights.